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Union Pacific Reports Second Quarter 2025 Results

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  • Diluted earnings per share (EPS) of $3.15 and adjusted diluted EPS* of $3.03
  • Operating ratio (OR) of 59.0% and adjusted OR* of 58.1%
  • Revenue carloads up 4%

OMAHA, Neb.--(BUSINESS WIRE)-- Union Pacific Corporation (NYSE: UNP) today reported 2025 second quarter net income of $1.9 billion, or $3.15 per diluted share. Results compare to 2024 second quarter net income of $1.7 billion, or $2.74 per diluted share.

Second quarter 2025 results include a deferred tax benefit of $115 million, or $0.19 per diluted share, partially offset by a crew staffing agreement of $55 million, or $0.07 per diluted share. 2025 second quarter adjusted net income* of $1.8 billion, or $3.03 per diluted share*, compares to 2024 second quarter adjusted net income* of $1.7 billion, or $2.71 per diluted share*.

“We are delivering on our strategy and our second quarter results demonstrate our commitment to leading the industry as we set new standards for safety, service, and operational excellence.� said Jim Vena, Union Pacific Chief Executive Officer. "The foundation is built, we are growing with our customers, and we have strong momentum as we continue to maximize the value of our great franchise.�

Second Quarter Summary: 2025 vs. 2024

Financial Results: Operational Fluidity and Service Supporting Revenue Growth; Second Quarter Records for Freight Revenue and Operating Income

  • Operating revenue of $6.2 billion grew 2% driven by higher volume and solid core pricing gains partially offset by reduced fuel surcharge, business mix, and lower other revenue.
  • Freight revenue excluding fuel surcharge grew 6%.
  • Reported operating ratio was 59.0%, an improvement of 100 basis points. Adjusted operating ratio* was 58.1%, an improvement of 230 basis points.

Operating Results: Continued Improvement in Safety, Service, and Operational Excellence; Second Quarter Record for Locomotive Productivity and Best Ever Quarter for Workforce Productivity and Train Length

  • Reportable personal injury rate and reportable derailment rate both improved.
  • Freight car velocity was 221 daily miles per car, a 10% improvement.
  • Locomotive productivity was 141 gross ton-miles (GTMs) per horsepower day, a 5% improvement.
  • Average maximum train length was 9,689 feet, a 2% increase.
  • Workforce productivity improved 9% to 1,124 car miles per employee.

*

Adjusted diluted earnings per share and adjusted operating ratio are considered non-GAAP financial measures. See attached supplemental schedule of non-GAAP measures for a reconciliation to GAAP.

On Track With Investor Day Targets

  • Affirming 2025 Outlook:
    • Well-positioned to meet customer demand; challenging second half international intermodal comparison
    • Pricing dollars accretive to operating ratio
    • Earnings per share growth consistent with attaining the 3-year CAGR target of high-single to low-double digit
    • Industry-leading operating ratio and return on invested capital
    • No change to long-term capital allocation strategy
      - Capital plan of $3.4 billion
      - Share repurchases of $4.0 to $4.5 billion
      - Third quarter 2025 dividend increase of 3%

Second Quarter 2025 Earnings Conference Call

Union Pacific will webcast its second quarter 2025 earnings release presentation live at and via teleconference on Thursday, July 24, 2025, at 8:45 a.m. Eastern Time. Participants may join the conference call by dialing 877-407-8293 (or for international participants, 201-689-8349).

ABOUT UNION PACIFIC

Union Pacific (NYSE: UNP) delivers the goods families and businesses use every day with safe, reliable, and efficient service. Operating in 23 western states, the company connects its customers and communities to the global economy. Trains are the most environmentally responsible way to move freight, helping Union Pacific protect future generations. More information about Union Pacific is available at .

.

This news release and related materials contain statements about the Company’s future that are not statements of historical fact, including specifically the statements regarding the potential impacts of public health crises, including pandemics, epidemics and the outbreak of other contagious diseases, such as the coronavirus and its variant strains (COVID); the Russia-Ukraine and Israel-Hamas wars and other geopolitical tensions in the Middle East, and any impacts on our business operations, financial results, liquidity, and financial position, and on the world economy (including customers, employees, and supply chains), including as a result of fluctuations in volume and carloadings; expectations as to general macroeconomic conditions, including slowdowns and recessions, domestically or internationally, and future volatility in interest rates and fuel prices; closing of customer manufacturing, distribution, or production facilities; expectations as to operational or service improvements; expectations as to hiring challenges; availability of employees; expectations regarding the effectiveness of steps taken or to be taken to improve operations, service, infrastructure improvements, and transportation plan modifications (including those in response to increased traffic); expectations as to cost savings, revenue growth, and earnings; the time by which goals, targets, or objectives will be achieved; projections, predictions, expectations, estimates, or forecasts as to business, financial, and operational results, future economic performance, and planned capital investments ; proposed new products and services; estimates of costs relating to environmental remediation and restoration; estimates and expectations regarding tax matters; estimates and expectations regarding current or potential tariffs; expectations that claims, litigation, environmental costs, commitments, contingent liabilities, labor negotiations or agreements, cyber incidents or other matters. These statements are, or will be, forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Forward-looking statements also generally include, without limitation, information, or statements regarding: projections, predictions, expectations, estimates, or forecasts as to the Company’s and its subsidiaries� business, financial, and operational results, and future economic performance; and management’s beliefs, expectations, goals, and objectives and other similar expressions concerning matters that are not historical facts.

Forward-looking statements should not be read as a guarantee of future performance or results and will not necessarily be accurate indications of the times that, or by which, such performance or results will be achieved. Forward-looking information, including expectations regarding operational and financial improvements and the Company’s future performance or results are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual performance or results to differ materially from those expressed in the statement. Important factors, including risk factors, could affect the Company’s and its subsidiaries� future results and could cause those results or other outcomes to differ materially from those expressed or implied in the forward-looking statements. Information regarding risk factors and other cautionary information are available in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for 2024, which was filed with the SEC on February 7, 2025. The Company updates information regarding risk factors if circumstances require such updates in its periodic reports on Form 10-Q and its subsequent Annual Reports on Form 10-K (or such other reports that may be filed with the SEC).

Forward-looking statements speak only as of, and are based only upon information available on, the date the statements were made. The Company assumes no obligation to update forward-looking information to reflect actual results, changes in assumptions, or changes in other factors affecting forward-looking information. If the Company does update one or more forward-looking statements, no inference should be drawn that the Company will make additional updates with respect thereto or with respect to other forward-looking statements. References to the Company’s website are provided for convenience and, therefore, information on or available through the website is not, and should not be deemed to be, incorporated by reference herein.

UNION PACIFIC CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (unaudited)

Millions, except per share amounts and percentages,

for the periods ended June 30,

2nd quarter

Year-to-date

2025

2024

%

2025

2024

%

Operating revenues

Freight revenues

$

5,843

$

5,638

4

%

$

11,534

$

11,254

2

%

Other revenues

311

369

(16

)

647

784

(17

)

Total operating revenues

6,154

6,007

2

12,181

12,038

1

Operating expenses

Compensation and benefits

1,249

1,187

5

2,461

2,410

2

Purchased services and materials

642

644

-

1,273

1,257

1

Depreciation

613

596

3

1,223

1,190

3

Fuel

576

625

(8

)

1,179

1,283

(8

)

Equipment and other rents

230

219

5

471

435

8

Other

319

336

(5

)

678

691

(2

)

Total operating expenses

3,629

3,607

1

7,285

7,266

-

Operating income

2,525

2,400

5

4,896

4,772

3

Other income, net

123

103

19

201

195

3

Interest expense

(335

)

(319

)

5

(657

)

(643

)

2

Income before income taxes

2,313

2,184

6

4,440

4,324

3

Income tax expense

(437

)

(511

)

(14

)

(938

)

(1,010

)

(7

)

Net income

$

1,876

$

1,673

12

%

$

3,502

$

3,314

6

%

Share and per share

Earnings per share - basic

$

3.16

$

2.75

15

%

$

5.86

$

5.44

8

%

Earnings per share - diluted

$

3.15

$

2.74

15

$

5.85

$

5.43

8

Weighted average number of shares - basic

594.1

609.4

(3

)

597.5

609.3

(2

)

Weighted average number of shares - diluted

594.8

610.3

(3

)

598.4

610.3

(2

)

Dividends declared per share

$

1.34

$

1.30

3

$

2.68

$

2.60

3

Operating ratio

59.0

%

60.0

%

(1.0) pts

59.8

%

60.4

%

(0.6) pts

Effective tax rate

18.9

%

23.4

%

(4.5) pts

21.1

%

23.4

%

(2.3) pts

UNION PACIFIC CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES

Freight Revenues Statistics (unaudited)

2nd quarter

Year-to-date

For the periods ended June 30,

2025

2024

%

2025

2024

%

Freight revenues (millions)

Grain & grain products

$

964

$

901

7

%

$

1,914

$

1,844

4

%

Fertilizer

201

203

(1

)

411

404

2

Food & refrigerated

267

278

(4

)

527

563

(6

)

Coal & renewables

469

339

38

885

727

22

Bulk

1,901

1,721

10

3,737

3,538

6

Industrial chemicals & plastics

646

593

9

1,253

1,165

8

Metals & minerals

561

530

6

1,082

1,045

4

Forest products

340

342

(1

)

661

680

(3

)

Energy & specialized markets

665

658

1

1,298

1,337

(3

)

Industrial

2,212

2,123

4

4,294

4,227

2

Automotive

632

659

(4

)

1,213

1,270

(4

)

Intermodal

1,098

1,135

(3

)

2,290

2,219

3

Premium

1,730

1,794

(4

)

3,503

3,489

-

Total

$

5,843

$

5,638

4

%

$

11,534

$

11,254

2

%

Revenue carloads (thousands)

Grain & grain products

216

200

8

%

430

410

5

%

Fertilizer

55

62

(11

)

104

109

(5

)

Food & refrigerated

43

46

(7

)

86

92

(7

)

Coal & renewables

205

158

30

390

335

16

Bulk

519

466

11

1,010

946

7

Industrial chemicals & plastics

177

169

5

346

333

4

Metals & minerals

191

184

4

365

354

3

Forest products

52

55

(5

)

103

108

(5

)

Energy & specialized markets

149

147

1

292

301

(3

)

Industrial

569

555

3

1,106

1,096

1

Automotive

209

218

(4

)

404

425

(5

)

Intermodal [a]

817

798

2

1,691

1,537

10

Premium

1,026

1,016

1

2,095

1,962

7

Total

2,114

2,037

4

%

4,211

4,004

5

%

Average revenue per car

Grain & grain products

$

4,467

$

4,493

(1

)%

$

4,451

$

4,493

(1

)%

Fertilizer

3,627

3,311

10

3,959

3,727

6

Food & refrigerated

6,237

5,943

5

6,147

6,086

1

Coal & renewables

2,283

2,156

6

2,267

2,173

4

Bulk

3,659

3,692

(1

)

3,700

3,740

(1

)

Industrial chemicals & plastics

3,647

3,507

4

3,625

3,497

4

Metals & minerals

2,950

2,885

2

2,967

2,955

-

Forest products

6,508

6,249

4

6,387

6,272

2

Energy & specialized markets

4,439

4,462

(1

)

4,436

4,439

-

Industrial

3,885

3,825

2

3,881

3,855

1

Automotive

3,034

3,033

-

3,004

2,991

-

Intermodal [a]

1,345

1,421

(5

)

1,355

1,444

(6

)

Premium

1,688

1,766

(4

)

1,673

1,779

(6

)

Average

$

2,764

$

2,768

-

%

$

2,739

$

2,811

(3

)%

[a] For intermodal shipments each container or trailer equals one carload.

UNION PACIFIC CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position (unaudited)

Millions

Jun. 30,
2025

Dec. 31,
2024

Assets

Cash and cash equivalents

$

1,060

$

1,016

Other current assets

3,123

3,005

Investments

2,785

2,664

Properties, net

59,017

58,343

Operating lease assets

1,193

1,297

Other assets

1,398

1,390

Total assets

$

68,576

$

67,715

Liabilities and common shareholders' equity

Debt due within one year

$

2,522

$

1,425

Other current liabilities

3,930

3,829

Debt due after one year

30,291

29,767

Operating lease liabilities

831

925

Deferred income taxes

13,029

13,151

Other long-term liabilities

1,715

1,728

Total liabilities

52,318

50,825

Total common shareholders' equity

16,258

16,890

Total liabilities and common shareholders' equity

$

68,576

$

67,715

Debt / net income

4.7

4.6

Adjusted debt / adjusted EBITDA*

2.8

2.7

* Adjusted debt / adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP measure. See page 10 for a reconciliation to GAAP.

UNION PACIFIC CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (unaudited)

Year-to-date

Millions, for the periods ended June 30,

2025

2024

Operating activities

Net income

$

3,502

$

3,314

Depreciation

1,223

1,190

Deferred and other income taxes

(123

)

43

Other - net

(59

)

(514

)

Cash provided by operating activities

4,543

4,033

Investing activities

Capital investments*

(1,842

)

(1,699

)

Other - net

3

107

Cash used in investing activities

(1,839

)

(1,592

)

Financing activities

Share repurchase programs

(2,679

)

(100

)

Debt issued

1,995

800

Dividends paid

(1,599

)

(1,588

)

Debt repaid

(409

)

(1,807

)

Net Issued/(paid) commercial paper

-

297

Other - net

43

30

Cash used in financing activities

(2,649

)

(2,368

)

Net change in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash

55

73

Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of year

1,028

1,074

Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at end of period

$

1,083

$

1,147

Free cash flow**

Cash provided by operating activities

$

4,543

$

4,033

Cash used in investing activities

(1,839

)

(1,592

)

Dividends paid

(1,599

)

(1,588

)

Free cash flow

$

1,105

$

853

*

Capital investments include locomotive and freight car early lease buyouts of $178 million in 2025 and $96 million in 2024.

**

Free cash flow is defined as cash provided by operating activities less cash used in investing activities and dividends paid. Free cash flow is considered non-GAAP financial measure by SEC Regulation G and Item 10 of SEC Regulation S-K and may not be defined and calculated by other companies in the same manner. We believe free cash flow is important to management and investors in evaluating our financial performance and measures our ability to generate cash without additional external financing. Free cash flow should be considered in addition to, rather than as a substitute for, cash provided by operating activities.

UNION PACIFIC CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES

Operating and Performance Statistics (unaudited)

2nd quarter

Year-to-date

For the periods ended June 30,

2025

2024

%

2025

2024

%

Operating/performance statistics

Freight car velocity (daily miles per car)

221

201

10

%

218

202

8

%

Average train speed (miles per hour)*

23.9

23.3

3

23.8

23.7

-

Average terminal dwell time (hours)*

21.2

22.7

(7

)

21.7

23.1

(6

)

Locomotive productivity (GTMs per horsepower day)

141

134

5

138

134

3

Gross ton-miles (GTMs) (millions)

220,258

206,806

7

433,050

412,835

5

Train length (feet)

9,689

9,544

2

9,590

9,415

2

Intermodal service performance index (%)

99

93

6 pts

96

93

3 pts

Manifest service performance index (%)

97

84

13 pts

95

85

10 pts

Intermodal car trip plan compliance (%)

88

83

5 pts

86

83

3 pts

Manifest car trip plan compliance (%)

74

64

10 pts

72

65

7 pts

Workforce productivity (car miles per employee)

1,124

1,031

9

1,108

1,015

9

Total employees (average)

29,711

30,556

(3

)

29,929

30,804

(3

)

Locomotive fuel statistics

Average fuel price per gallon consumed

$

2.42

$

2.73

(11

)%

$

2.46

$

2.77

(11

)%

Fuel consumed in gallons (millions)

232

223

4

468

453

3

Fuel consumption rate**

1.058

1.080

(2

)

1.082

1.097

(1

)

Revenue ton-miles (millions)

Grain & grain products

21,486

19,995

7

%

42,630

40,644

5

%

Fertilizer

3,346

3,570

(6

)

6,777

6,857

(1

)

Food & refrigerated

4,709

4,693

-

9,249

9,610

(4

)

Coal & renewables

23,117

16,351

41

43,331

35,234

23

Bulk

52,658

44,609

18

101,987

92,345

10

Industrial chemicals & plastics

8,004

8,069

(1

)

15,741

15,496

2

Metals & minerals

8,564

8,301

3

16,662

16,366

2

Forest products

5,533

5,663

(2

)

10,802

11,243

(4

)

Energy & specialized markets

10,011

10,229

(2

)

19,730

20,815

(5

)

Industrial

32,112

32,262

-

62,935

63,920

(2

)

Automotive

4,756

4,879

(3

)

9,200

9,415

(2

)

Intermodal

18,024

18,242

(1

)

37,439

35,577

5

Premium

22,780

23,121

(1

)

46,639

44,992

4

Total

107,550

99,992

8

%

211,561

201,257

5

%

*

Surface Transportation Board (STB) reported performance measures.

**

Fuel consumption is computed as follows: gallons of fuel consumed divided by gross ton-miles in thousands.

UNION PACIFIC CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income (unaudited)

Millions,

except per share amounts and percentages,

2025

1st qtr

2nd qtr

Year-to-date

Operating revenues

Freight revenues

$

5,691

$

5,843

$

11,534

Other revenues

336

311

647

Total operating revenues

6,027

6,154

12,181

Operating expenses

Compensation and benefits

1,212

1,249

2,461

Purchased services and materials

631

642

1,273

Depreciation

610

613

1,223

Fuel

603

576

1,179

Equipment and other rents

241

230

471

Other

359

319

678

Total operating expenses

3,656

3,629

7,285

Operating income

2,371

2,525

4,896

Other income, net

78

123

201

Interest expense

(322

)

(335

)

(657

)

Income before income taxes

2,127

2,313

4,440

Income tax expense

(501

)

(437

)

(938

)

Net income

$

1,626

$

1,876

$

3,502

Share and per share

Earnings per share - basic

$

2.71

$

3.16

$

5.86

Earnings per share - diluted

$

2.70

$

3.15

$

5.85

Weighted average number of shares - basic

601.0

594.1

597.5

Weighted average number of shares - diluted

601.9

594.8

598.4

Dividends declared per share

$

1.34

$

1.34

$

2.68

Operating ratio

60.7

%

59.0

%

59.8

%

Effective tax rate

23.6

%

18.9

%

21.1

%

UNION PACIFIC CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES

Freight Revenue Statistics (unaudited)

2025

1st qtr

2nd qtr

Year-to-date

Freight revenues (millions)

Grain & grain products

$

950

$

964

$

1,914

Fertilizer

210

201

411

Food & refrigerated

260

267

527

Coal & renewables

416

469

885

Bulk

1,836

1,901

3,737

Industrial chemicals & plastics

607

646

1,253

Metals & minerals

521

561

1,082

Forest products

321

340

661

Energy & specialized markets

633

665

1,298

Industrial

2,082

2,212

4,294

Automotive

581

632

1,213

Intermodal

1,192

1,098

2,290

Premium

1,773

1,730

3,503

Total

$

5,691

$

5,843

$

11,534

Revenue carloads (thousands)

Grain & grain products

214

216

430

Fertilizer

49

55

104

Food & refrigerated

43

43

86

Coal & renewables

185

205

390

Bulk

491

519

1,010

Industrial chemicals & plastics

169

177

346

Metals & minerals

174

191

365

Forest products

51

52

103

Energy & specialized markets

143

149

292

Industrial

537

569

1,106

Automotive

195

209

404

Intermodal [a]

874

817

1,691

Premium

1,069

1,026

2,095

Total

2,097

2,114

4,211

Average revenue per car

Grain & grain products

$

4,434

$

4,467

$

4,451

Fertilizer

4,339

3,627

3,959

Food & refrigerated

6,058

6,237

6,147

Coal & renewables

2,250

2,283

2,267

Bulk

3,744

3,659

3,700

Industrial chemicals & plastics

3,601

3,647

3,625

Metals & minerals

2,986

2,950

2,967

Forest products

6,264

6,508

6,387

Energy & specialized markets

4,433

4,439

4,436

Industrial

3,877

3,885

3,881

Automotive

2,971

3,034

3,004

Intermodal [a]

1,364

1,345

1,355

Premium

1,658

1,688

1,673

Average

$

2,714

$

2,764

$

2,739

[a] For intermodal shipments each container or trailer equals one carload.

UNION PACIFIC CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES

Non-GAAP Measures Reconciliation to GAAP (unaudited)

Financial Performance*

Millions, except per share amounts and percentages,

for the three months ended June 30, 2025

Reported
results
(GAAP)

Deferred tax
adjustment

Crew staffing
agreement

Adjusted
results
(non-GAAP)

Operating expenses

$

3,629

$

-

$

(55

)

$

3,574

Operating income

2,525

-

55

2,580

Income tax expense

(437

)

(115

)

(13

)

(565

)

Net income

1,876

(115

)

42

1,803

Earnings per share - diluted

3.15

(0.19

)

0.07

3.03

Operating ratio

59.0

%

-

%

(0.9

)%

58.1

%

Millions, except per share amounts and percentages,

for the three months ended June 30, 2024

Reported
results
(GAAP)

Gain on sale
of intermodal
equipment

Environmental
remediation

Adjusted
results
(non-GAAP)

Operating expenses

$

3,607

$

46

$

(23

)

$

3,630

Operating income

2,400

(46

)

23

2,377

Income tax expense

(511

)

11

(6

)

(506

)

Net income

1,673

(35

)

17

1,655

Earnings per share - diluted

2.74

(0.06

)

0.03

2.71

Operating ratio

60.0

%

0.8

%

(0.4

)%

60.4

%

*

The above tables reconcile our results for the three months ended as of June 30, 2025 and 2024, to adjust results that exclude the impact of certain items identified as affecting comparability. We use adjusted operating expenses, adjusted operating income, adjusted income tax expense, adjusted net income, adjusted diluted earnings per share (EPS), and adjusted operating ratio, as applicable, among other measures, to evaluate our actual operating performance. The measures listed in the above tables are considered non-GAAP by SEC Regulation G and Item 10 of SEC Regulation S-K. We believe these non-GAAP financial measures provide valuable information regarding earnings and business trends by excluding specific items that we believe are not indicative of our ongoing operating results of our business, providing a useful way for investors to make a comparison of our performance over time and against other companies in our industry. Since these are not measures of performance calculated in accordance with GAAP, they should be considered in addition to, rather than as a substitute for, operating expenses, operating income, income tax expense, net income, diluted EPS, and operating ratio as indicators of operating performance.

UNION PACIFIC CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES

Non-GAAP Measures Reconciliation to GAAP (unaudited)

Financial Performance*

Millions, except per share amounts and percentages,

for the six month ended June 30, 2025

Reported
results
(GAAP)

Deferred tax adjustment

Crew staffing agreement

Adjusted
results
(non-GAAP)

Operating expenses

$

7,285

$

-

$

(55

)

$

7,230

Operating income

4,896

-

55

4,951

Income tax expense

(938

)

(115

)

(13

)

(1,066

)

Net income

3,502

(115

)

42

3,429

Earnings per share - diluted

5.85

(0.19

)

0.07

5.73

Operating ratio

59.8

%

-

%

(0.4

)%

59.4

%

Millions, except per share amounts and percentages,

for the six month ended June 30, 2024

Reported
results
(GAAP)

Gain on sale
of intermodal
equipment

Environmental
remediation

Adjusted
results
(non-GAAP)

Operating expenses

$

7,266

$

46

$

(23

)

$

7,289

Operating income

4,772

(46

)

23

4,749

Income tax expense

(1,010

)

11

(6

)

(1,005

)

Net income

3,314

(35

)

17

3,296

Earnings per share - diluted

5.43

(0.06

)

0.03

5.40

Operating ratio

60.4

%

0.3

%

(0.2

)%

60.5

%

*

The above tables reconcile our results for the six months ended as of June 30, 2025 and 2024, to adjust results that exclude the impact of certain items identified as affecting comparability. We use adjusted operating expenses, adjusted operating income, adjusted income tax expense, adjusted net income, adjusted diluted EPS, and adjusted operating ratio, as applicable, among other measures, to evaluate our actual operating performance. The measures listed in the above tables are considered non-GAAP by SEC Regulation G and Item 10 of SEC Regulation S-K. We believe these non-GAAP financial measures provide valuable information regarding earnings and business trends by excluding specific items that we believe are not indicative of our ongoing operating results of our business, providing a useful way for investors to make a comparison of our performance over time and against other companies in our industry. Since these are not measures of performance calculated in accordance with GAAP, they should be considered in addition to, rather than as a substitute for, operating expenses, operating income, income tax expense, net income, diluted EPS, and operating ratio as indicators of operating performance.

UNION PACIFIC CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARY COMPANIES

Non-GAAP Measures Reconciliation to GAAP (unaudited)

Debt / net income

Millions, except ratios

for the trailing twelve months ended [1]

Jun. 30,
2025

Dec. 31,
2024

Debt

$

32,813

$

31,192

Net income

6,935

6,747

Debt / net income

4.7

4.6

Adjusted debt / adjusted EBITDA*

Millions, except ratios

for the trailing twelve months ended [1]

Jun. 30,
2025

Dec. 31,
2024

Net income

$

6,935

$

6,747

Add:

Income tax expense

1,975

2,047

Depreciation

2,431

2,398

Interest expense

1,283

1,269

EBITDA

$

12,624

$

12,461

Adjustments:

Other income, net

(356

)

(350

)

Interest on operating lease liabilities [2]

46

48

Adjusted EBITDA (a)

$

12,314

$

12,159

Debt

$

32,813

$

31,192

Operating lease liabilities

1,143

1,271

Adjusted debt (b)

$

33,956

$

32,463

Adjusted debt / adjusted EBITDA (b/a)

2.8

2.7

[1]

The trailing twelve months income statement information ended June 30, 2025, is recalculated by taking the twelve months ended December 31, 2024, subtracting the six months ended June 30, 2024, and adding the six months ended June 30, 2025.

[2]

Represents the hypothetical interest expense we would incur (using the incremental borrowing rate) if the property under our operating leases were owned or accounted for as finance leases.

*

Adjusted debt (total debt plus operating lease liabilities plus after-tax unfunded pension and OPEB (other post-retirement benefit) obligations) to adjusted EBITDA (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization, and adjustments for other income and interest on present value of operating leases) is considered a non-GAAP financial measure by SEC Regulation G and Item 10 of SEC Regulation S-K and may not be defined and calculated by other companies in the same manner. We believe this measure is important to management and investors in evaluating the Company’s ability to sustain given debt levels (including leases) with the cash generated from operations. In addition, a comparable measure is used by rating agencies when reviewing the Company’s credit rating. Adjusted debt to adjusted EBITDA should be considered in addition to, rather than as a substitute for, other information provided in accordance with GAAP. The most comparable GAAP measure is debt to net income ratio. The tables above provide reconciliations from net income to adjusted EBITDA, debt to adjusted debt, and debt to net income to adjusted debt to adjusted EBITDA. At June 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024, the incremental borrowing rate on operating leases was 4.0% and 3.8%, respectively. Pension and OPEB were funded at June 30, 2025, and December 31, 2024.

Union Pacific Investor contact: Diana Prauner at 402-544-4227 or [email protected]

Union Pacific Media contact: Clarissa Beyah at 402-957-4793 or [email protected]

Source: Union Pacific Corporation

Union Pacific

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Railroads
Railroads, Line-haul Operating
United States
OMAHA