Shell second quarter 2025 update note
Shell (NYSE:SHEL) has released its Q2 2025 outlook update, highlighting several key operational metrics across its business segments. The company expects LNG liquefaction volumes of 6.4-6.8 MT and total production of 900-940 kboe/d in Integrated Gas. Upstream production is projected at 1,660-1,760 kboe/d, reflecting scheduled maintenance and the SPDC sale in Nigeria.
In Chemicals & Products, Shell anticipates improved refining margins of $8.9/bbl (up from $6.2/bbl in Q1) and chemicals margins of $166/tonne (up from $126/tonne). However, the Chemicals sub-segment is expected to post a loss, with utilization impacted by unplanned maintenance at Monaca. Trading & Optimization performance is projected to be significantly lower than Q1 2025 across multiple segments.
[ "Refining margins improved to $8.9/bbl from $6.2/bbl in Q1'25", "Chemicals margins increased to $166/tonne from $126/tonne in Q1'25", "Refinery utilization expected to improve to 92-96% from 85% in Q1'25", "Marketing adjusted earnings expected to be higher than Q1'25" ]Shell (NYSE:SHEL) ha pubblicato l'aggiornamento delle previsioni per il secondo trimestre 2025, evidenziando diversi indicatori operativi chiave nei suoi segmenti di business. La società prevede volumi di liquefazione LNG tra 6,4 e 6,8 MT e una produzione totale di 900-940 kboe/g nel settore Integrated Gas. La produzione upstream è stimata tra 1.660 e 1.760 kboe/g, tenendo conto delle manutenzioni programmate e della vendita di SPDC in Nigeria.
Nel settore Chemicals & Products, Shell prevede margini di raffinazione migliorati a 8,9 $/barile (in aumento rispetto a 6,2 $/barile nel primo trimestre) e margini chimici di 166 $/tonnellata (in crescita rispetto a 126 $/tonnellata). Tuttavia, il sottosegmento Chemicals dovrebbe registrare una perdita, con l'utilizzo influenzato da manutenzioni non programmate a Monaca. Le performance di Trading & Optimization sono previste significativamente inferiori rispetto al primo trimestre 2025 in diversi segmenti.
- I margini di raffinazione sono migliorati a 8,9 $/barile da 6,2 $/barile nel primo trimestre 2025
- I margini chimici sono aumentati a 166 $/tonnellata da 126 $/tonnellata nel primo trimestre 2025
- L'utilizzo della raffineria dovrebbe migliorare al 92-96% dal 85% del primo trimestre 2025
- Gli utili rettificati del marketing dovrebbero essere superiori rispetto al primo trimestre 2025
Shell (NYSE:SHEL) ha publicado su actualización de perspectivas para el segundo trimestre de 2025, destacando varios indicadores operativos clave en sus segmentos de negocio. La compañía espera volúmenes de licuefacción de GNL de 6,4 a 6,8 MT y una producción total de 900-940 kboe/d en Gas Integrado. La producción upstream se proyecta entre 1.660 y 1.760 kboe/d, considerando el mantenimiento programado y la venta de SPDC en Nigeria.
En Químicos y Productos, Shell anticipa márgenes de refinación mejorados a 8,9 $/barril (desde 6,2 $/barril en el primer trimestre) y márgenes químicos de 166 $/tonelada (desde 126 $/tonelada). Sin embargo, se espera que el subsegmento de Químicos registre pérdidas, con la utilización afectada por mantenimiento no planificado en Monaca. El desempeño de Trading & Optimization se proyecta significativamente menor que en el primer trimestre de 2025 en varios segmentos.
- Los márgenes de refinación mejoraron a 8,9 $/barril desde 6,2 $/barril en el primer trimestre de 2025
- Los márgenes químicos aumentaron a 166 $/tonelada desde 126 $/tonelada en el primer trimestre de 2025
- Se espera que la utilización de la refinería mejore al 92-96% desde el 85% del primer trimestre de 2025
- Se prevé que las ganancias ajustadas de marketing sean mayores que en el primer trimestre de 2025
� (NYSE:SHEL)은 2025� 2분기 전망 업데이트� 발표하며 사업 부문별 주요 운영 지표를 강조했습니다. 회사� 액화천연가�(LNG) 액화량을 6.4~6.8 MT�, 통합 가� 부문에� � 생산량을 900-940 kboe/d� 예상합니�. 업스트림 생산량은 1,660-1,760 kboe/d� 예정되어 있으�, 예정� 유지보수와 나이지리아 SPDC 매각� 반영되었습니�.
화학 � 제품 부문에서는 쉘이 정제 마진� 배럴� 8.9달러(1분기 6.2달러에서 상승)와 화학 마진� 톤당 166달러(1분기 126달러에서 상승)� 개선� 것으� 예상합니�. 그러� 화학 하위 부문은 모나카에서의 계획되지 않은 유지보수� 인해 가동률� 영향� 받아 손실� 기록� 것으� 보입니다. 트레이딩 � 최적� 부문의 실적은 2025� 1분기 대� 여러 부문에� 크게 낮을 전망입니�.
- 정제 마진은 2025� 1분기 6.2달러에서 8.9달러� 개선�
- 화학 마진은 2025� 1분기 126달러에서 166달러� 증가�
- 정유 공장 가동률은 2025� 1분기 85%에서 92-96%� 개선� 것으� 예상�
- 마케� 조정 이익은 2025� 1분기보다 높을 것으� 예상�
Shell (NYSE:SHEL) a publié sa mise à jour des perspectives pour le deuxième trimestre 2025, mettant en avant plusieurs indicateurs opérationnels clés dans ses segments d'activité. La société prévoit des volumes de liquéfaction de GNL de 6,4 à 6,8 MT et une production totale de 900-940 kboe/j dans la division Gaz Intégré. La production en amont est estimée entre 1 660 et 1 760 kboe/j, tenant compte des maintenances programmées et de la vente de SPDC au Nigeria.
Dans le secteur Chimie & Produits, Shell anticipe une amélioration des marges de raffinage à 8,9 $/baril (contre 6,2 $/baril au T1) et des marges chimiques à 166 $/tonne (contre 126 $/tonne). Toutefois, le sous-segment Chimie devrait enregistrer une perte, l'utilisation étant impactée par des maintenances imprévues à Monaca. Les performances du Trading & Optimization devraient être nettement inférieures à celles du premier trimestre 2025 dans plusieurs segments.
- Les marges de raffinage se sont améliorées à 8,9 $/baril contre 6,2 $/baril au T1 2025
- Les marges chimiques ont augmenté à 166 $/tonne contre 126 $/tonne au T1 2025
- L'utilisation de la raffinerie devrait s'améliorer entre 92 et 96 % contre 85 % au T1 2025
- Les bénéfices ajustés du marketing devraient être supérieurs à ceux du T1 2025
Shell (NYSE:SHEL) hat seinen Ausblick für das zweite Quartal 2025 veröffentlicht und dabei mehrere wichtige operative Kennzahlen seiner Geschäftsbereiche hervorgehoben. Das Unternehmen erwartet LNG-Verflüssigungsvolumina von 6,4 bis 6,8 MT und eine Gesamtproduktion von 900-940 kboe/d im Bereich Integrated Gas. Die Produktion im Upstream-Bereich wird auf 1.660-1.760 kboe/d geschätzt, was geplante Wartungsarbeiten und den Verkauf von SPDC in Nigeria berücksichtigt.
Im Bereich Chemicals & Products rechnet Shell mit verbesserten Raffineriemargen von 8,9 $/Barrel (gegenüber 6,2 $/Barrel im ersten Quartal) und Chemikalienmargen von 166 $/Tonne (gegenüber 126 $/Tonne). Der Chemie-Subsektor wird jedoch voraussichtlich einen Verlust verzeichnen, da die Auslastung durch ungeplante Wartungen in Monaca beeinträchtigt wird. Die Leistung von Trading & Optimization wird voraussichtlich in mehreren Segmenten deutlich unter dem Niveau des ersten Quartals 2025 liegen.
- Die Raffineriemargen verbesserten sich auf 8,9 $/Barrel von 6,2 $/Barrel im ersten Quartal 2025
- Die Chemikalienmargen stiegen auf 166 $/Tonne von 126 $/Tonne im ersten Quartal 2025
- Die Auslastung der Raffinerie soll sich von 85 % im ersten Quartal 2025 auf 92-96 % verbessern
- Die bereinigten Marketinggewinne werden voraussichtlich höher sein als im ersten Quartal 2025
- None.
- Chemicals sub-segment expected to report a loss in Q2'25
- Trading & Optimization performance significantly lower than Q1'25 across segments
- Chemicals utilization declining to 68-72% from 81% due to unplanned maintenance
- Chemicals & Products segment expected to be below break-even in Q2'25
Insights
Shell's Q2 2025 outlook shows mixed segment performance with Chemicals & Products expected below break-even despite improved margins.
Shell's Q2 2025 update reveals a complex operating environment with significant segment variations. The Upstream division projects reduced production (1,660-1,760 kboe/d vs. Q1's 1,855 kboe/d) due to scheduled maintenance and the completed SPDC Nigeria divestment, with taxation charges expected to decrease to $1.6-2.4 billion from $2.6 billion.
The refining environment has improved substantially, with indicative margins increasing to
Despite these improved margins, Shell expects the Chemicals & Products segment to operate below break-even in Q2, with the Chemicals sub-segment specifically projected to post a loss. This underperformance likely stems from the unplanned maintenance issues and significantly lower trading and optimization results compared to Q1.
The Integrated Gas segment faces modest production adjustments (900-940 kboe/d vs. 927 kboe/d) with LNG liquefaction volumes relatively stable at 6.4-6.8 MT. However, trading and optimization results are expected to be significantly lower than Q1, suggesting potential margin compression in global gas markets.
Marketing presents a bright spot with adjusted earnings expected to exceed Q1 levels, maintaining stable sales volumes of 2,600-3,000 kb/d. Conversely, the Renewables and Energy Solutions segment projects variable performance with adjusted earnings ranging from a
Working capital movements remain highly variable, with projections ranging from a
The following is an update to the second quarter 2025 outlook and gives an overview of our current expectations for the second quarter. Outlooks presented may vary from the actual second quarter 2025 results and are subject to finalisation of those results, which are scheduled to be published on July 31, 2025. Unless otherwise indicated, all outlook statements exclude identified items.
See appendix for the definition of the non-GAAP measure used and the most comparable GAAP measure.
Integrated Gas
$ billions | 1�25 | Q2�25 Outlook | Comment |
Adjusted EBITDA: | |||
Production (kboe/d) | 927 | 900 - 940 | |
LNG liquefaction volumes (MT) | 6.6 | 6.4 - 6.8 | |
Underlying opex | 1.0 | 1.0 - 1.2 | |
Adjusted Earnings: | |||
Pre-tax depreciation | 1.4 | 1.4 - 1.8 | |
Taxation charge | 0.8 | 0.3 - 0.6 | |
Other Considerations: | |||
Trading & Optimisation is expected to be significantly lower than 1�25. |
Upstream
$ billions | 1�25 | Q2�25 Outlook | Comment |
Adjusted EBITDA: | |||
Production (kboe/d) | 1,855 | 1,660 - 1,760 | Reflects scheduled maintenance and the completed sale of SPDC in Nigeria. |
Underlying opex | 2.2 | 1.9 - 2.5 | |
Adjusted Earnings: | |||
Pre-tax depreciation | 2.2 | 2.0 - 2.6 | |
Taxation charge | 2.6 | 1.6 - 2.4 | |
Other Considerations: | |||
The share of profit / (loss) of joint ventures and associates in Q2�25 is expected to be ~ |
Marketing
$ billions | 1�25 | Q2�25 Outlook | Comment |
Adjusted EBITDA: | |||
Sales volumes (kb/d) | 2,674 | 2,600 - 3,000 | |
Underlying opex | 2.4 | 2.3 - 2.7 | |
Adjusted Earnings: | |||
Pre-tax depreciation | 0.6 | 0.5 - 0.7 | |
Taxation charge | 0.4 | 0.2 - 0.6 | |
Other Considerations: | |||
Marketing adjusted earnings are expected to be higher than 1�25. |
Chemicals and Products
$ billions | 1�25 | Q2�25 Outlook | Comment |
Adjusted EBITDA: | |||
Indicative refining margin* | | | |
Indicative chemicals margin* | | | The Chemicals sub-segment adjusted earnings are expected to be a loss. |
Refinery utilisation | | | |
Chemicals utilisation | | | Chemicals utilisation impacted by unplanned maintenance at Monaca. |
Underlying opex | 2.0 | 1.7 - 2.1 | |
Adjusted Earnings: | |||
Pre-tax depreciation | 0.9 | 0.8 - 1.0 | |
Taxation charge / (credit) | 0.1 | (0.3) - 0.2 | |
Other Considerations: | |||
Trading & Optimisation is expected to be significantly lower than 1�25. The Chemicals & Products segment adjusted earnings is expected to be below break-even in Q2�25. |
*See appendix
Renewables and Energy Solutions
$ billions | 1�25 | Q2�25 Outlook | Comment |
Adjusted Earnings | � | (0.4) - 0.2 | Trading & Optimisation is expected to be lower than 1�25. |
Corporate
$ billions | 1�25 | Q2�25 Outlook | Comment |
Adjusted Earnings | (0.5) | (0.6) - (0.4) |
Shell Group
$ billions | 1�25 | Q2�25 Outlook | Comment |
CFFO: | |||
Tax paid | 2.9 | 2.8 - 3.6 | |
Derivative movements | � | (1) - 3 | |
Working capital | (2.7) | (1) - 4 | |
Other Shell Group Considerations: | |||
- |
Guidance
The ‘� contains guidance on Indicative Refining Margin, Indicative Chemicals Margin and full-year price and margin sensitivities.
Consensus
The company compiled consensus, managed by Vara Research, is expected to be published on July 23, 2025.
Appendix
Indicative Margins
Chemicals & Products | 1�25 | Q2�25 Updated Outlook |
Indicative refining margin | | |
Indicative chemicals margin | | |
The formulas for Indicative refining margin (IRM) and Indicative chemicals margin (ICM) have been updated following the completion of the Singapore divestment. Applying the previous formula for Q2�25 the IRM would have been:
Volume Data
Operational Metrics | 1�25 | Q2�25 QPR Outlook | Q2�25 Updated Outlook |
Integrated Gas | |||
Production (kboe/d) | 927 | 890 - 950 | 900 - 940 |
LNG liquefaction volumes (MT) | 6.6 | 6.3 - 6.9 | 6.4 - 6.8 |
Upstream | |||
Production (kboe/d) | 1,855 | 1,560 - 1,760 | 1,660 - 1,760 |
Marketing | |||
Sales volumes (kb/d) | 2,674 | 2,600 - 3,100 | 2,600 - 3,000 |
Chemicals & Products | |||
Refinery utilisation | | | |
Chemicals utilisation | | | |
Underlying Opex
Underlying operating expenses is a measure aimed at facilitating a comparative understanding of performance from period to period by removing the effects of identified items, which, either individually or collectively, can cause volatility, in some cases driven by external factors. For further details see the .
$ billions | 1�25 | 1�25 Adjusted | Q2�25 Updated Outlook |
Production and manufacturing expenses | 5.5 | ||
Selling, distribution and administrative expenses | 2.8 | ||
Research and development | 0.2 | ||
Operating Expenses (Opex) | 8.6 | 8.6 | |
Less: Identified Items | 0.1 | ||
Underlying Opex | 8.5 | ||
of which: | |||
Integrated Gas | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 - 1.2 |
Upstream | 2.2 | 2.2 | 1.9 - 2.5 |
Marketing | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.3 - 2.7 |
Chemicals and Products | 2.1 | 2.0 | 1.7 - 2.1 |
Renewables and Energy Solutions | 0.7 | 0.7 |
Depreciation, depletion and amortisation
$ billions | 1�25 | 1�25 Adjusted | Q2�25 Updated Outlook |
Depreciation, Depletion & Amortisation | 5.4 | 5.4 | |
Less: Identified Items | 0.3 | ||
Pre-tax depreciation (as Adjusted) | 5.1 | ||
of which: | |||
Integrated Gas | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 - 1.8 |
Upstream | 2.2 | 2.2 | 2.0 - 2.6 |
Marketing | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.5 - 0.7 |
Chemicals and Products | 1.1 | 0.9 | 0.8 - 1.0 |
Renewables and Energy Solutions | 0.1 | 0.1 |
Taxation Charge
$ billions | 1�25 | 1�25 Adjusted | Q2�25 Updated Outlook |
Taxation Charge | 4.1 | 4.1 | |
Less: Identified Items and Cost of supplies adjustment | 0.3 | ||
Taxation Charge (as Adjusted) | 3.8 | ||
of which: | |||
Integrated Gas | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.3 - 0.6 |
Upstream | 3.0 | 2.6 | 1.6 - 2.4 |
Marketing | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.2 - 0.6 |
Chemicals and Products | � | 0.1 | (0.3) - 0.2 |
Renewables and Energy Solutions | � | 0.1 |
Adjusted Earnings
The “Adjusted Earnings� measure aims to facilitate a comparative understanding of Shell’s financial performance from period to period by removing the effects of oil price changes on inventory carrying amounts and removing the effects of identified items. These items are in some cases driven by external factors and may, either individually or collectively, hinder the comparative understanding of Shell’s financial results from period to period. This measure excludes earnings attributable to non-controlling interest. For further details see the .
$ billions | 1�25 | 1�25 Adjusted | Q2�25 Updated Outlook |
Income/(loss) attributable to Shell plc shareholders | 4.8 | 4.8 | |
Add: Current cost of supplies adjustment attributable to Shell plc shareholders | � | ||
Less: Identified items attributable to Shell plc shareholders | (0.8) | ||
Adjusted Earnings | 5.6 | ||
of which: | |||
Renewables and Energy Solutions | (0.2) | � | (0.4) - 0.2 |
Corporate | (0.5) | (0.5) | (0.6) - (0.4) |
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Cautionary Note
The companies in which Shell plc directly and indirectly owns investments are separate legal entities. In this announcement “Shell�, “Shell Group� and “Group� are sometimes used for convenience to reference Shell plc and its subsidiaries in general. Likewise, the words “we�, “us� and “our� are also used to refer to Shell plc and its subsidiaries in general or to those who work for them. These terms are also used where no useful purpose is served by identifying the particular entity or entities. ‘‘Subsidiaries’�, “Shell subsidiaries� and “Shell companies� as used in this announcement refer to entities over which Shell plc either directly or indirectly has control. The terms “joint venture�, “joint operations�, “joint arrangements�, and “associates� may also be used to refer to a commercial arrangement in which Shell has a direct or indirect ownership interest with one or more parties. The term “Shell interest� is used for convenience to indicate the direct and/or indirect ownership interest held by Shell in an entity or unincorporated joint arrangement, after exclusion of all third-party interest.
The numbers presented in this announcement may not sum precisely to the totals provided and percentages may not precisely reflect the absolute figures due to rounding.
Forward-Looking statements
This announcement contains forward-looking statements (within the meaning of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995) concerning the financial condition, results of operations and businesses of Shell. All statements other than statements of historical fact are, or may be deemed to be, forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are statements of future expectations that are based on management’s current expectations and assumptions and involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results, performance or events to differ materially from those expressed or implied in these statements. Forward-looking statements include, among other things, statements concerning the potential exposure of Shell to market risks and statements expressing management’s expectations, beliefs, estimates, forecasts, projections and assumptions. These forward-looking statements are identified by their use of terms and phrases such as “aim�; “ambition�; ‘‘anticipate’�; “aspire�; “aspiration�; ‘‘believe’�; “commit�; “commitment�; ‘‘could’�; “desire�; ‘‘estimate’�; ‘‘expect’�; ‘‘goals’�; ‘‘intend’�; ‘‘may’�; “milestones�; ‘‘objectives’�; ‘‘outlook’�; ‘‘plan’�; ‘‘probably’�; ‘‘project’�; ‘‘risks’�; “schedule�; ‘‘seek’�; ‘‘should’�; ‘‘target’�; “vision�; ‘‘will’�; “would� and similar terms and phrases. There are a number of factors that could affect the future operations of Shell and could cause those results to differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements included in this announcement, including (without limitation): (a) price fluctuations in crude oil and natural gas; (b) changes in demand for Shell’s products; (c) currency fluctuations; (d) drilling and production results; (e) reserves estimates; (f) loss of market share and industry competition; (g) environmental and physical risks, including climate change; (h) risks associated with the identification of suitable potential acquisition properties and targets, and successful negotiation and completion of such transactions; (i) the risk of doing business in developing countries and countries subject to international sanctions; (j) legislative, judicial, fiscal and regulatory developments including tariffs and regulatory measures addressing climate change; (k) economic and financial market conditions in various countries and regions; (l) political risks, including the risks of expropriation and renegotiation of the terms of contracts with governmental entities, delays or advancements in the approval of projects and delays in the reimbursement for shared costs; (m) risks associated with the impact of pandemics, regional conflicts, such as the Russia-Ukraine war and the conflict in the Middle East, and a significant cyber security, data privacy or IT incident; (n) the pace of the energy transition; and (o) changes in trading conditions. No assurance is provided that future dividend payments will match or exceed previous dividend payments. All forward-looking statements contained in this announcement are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements contained or referred to in this section. Readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. Additional risk factors that may affect future results are contained in Shell plc’s Form 20-F and amendment thereto for the year ended December 31, 2024 (available at www.shell.com/investors/news-and-filings/sec-filings.html and www.sec.gov). These risk factors also expressly qualify all forward-looking statements contained in this announcement and should be considered by the reader. Each forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date of this announcement, July 7, 2025. Neither Shell plc nor any of its subsidiaries undertake any obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement as a result of new information, future events or other information. In light of these risks, results could differ materially from those stated, implied or inferred from the forward-looking statements contained in this announcement.
Shell’s net carbon intensity
Also, in this announcement we may refer to Shell’s “net carbon intensity� (NCI), which includes Shell’s carbon emissions from the production of our energy products, our suppliers� carbon emissions in supplying energy for that production and our customers� carbon emissions associated with their use of the energy products we sell. Shell’s NCI also includes the emissions associated with the production and use of energy products produced by others which Shell purchases for resale. Shell only controls its own emissions. The use of the terms Shell’s “net carbon intensity� or NCI is for convenience only and not intended to suggest these emissions are those of Shell plc or its subsidiaries.
Shell’s net-zero emissions target
Shell’s operating plan and outlook are forecasted for a three-year period and ten-year period, respectively, and are updated every year. They reflect the current economic environment and what we can reasonably expect to see over the next three and ten years. Accordingly, the outlook reflects our Scope 1, Scope 2 and NCI targets over the next ten years. However, Shell’s operating plan and outlook cannot reflect our 2050 net-zero emissions target, as this target is outside our planning period. Such future operating plans and outlooks could include changes to our portfolio, efficiency improvements and the use of carbon capture and storage and carbon credits. In the future, as society moves towards net-zero emissions, we expect Shell’s operating plans and outlooks to reflect this movement. However, if society is not net zero in 2050, as of today, there would be significant risk that Shell may not meet this target.
Forward-Looking Non-GAAP measures
This announcement may contain certain forward-looking non-GAAP measures such as Adjusted Earnings, Adjusted EBITDA, Cash flow from operating activities excluding working capital movements, Cash capital expenditure, Net debt and Underlying operating expense.
Adjusted Earnings and Adjusted EBITDA are measures used to evaluate Shell’s performance in the period and over time.
The “Adjusted Earnings� and Adjusted EBITDA are measures which aim to facilitate a comparative understanding of Shell’s financial performance from period to period by removing the effects of oil price changes on inventory carrying amounts and removing the effects of identified items.
Adjusted Earnings is defined as income/(loss) attributable to shareholders adjusted for the current cost of supplies and excluding identified items. “Adjusted EBITDA (CCS basis)� is defined as “Income/(loss) for the period� adjusted for current cost of supplies; identified items; tax charge/(credit); depreciation, amortisation and depletion; exploration well write-offs and net interest expense. All items include the non-controlling interest component.
Cash flow from operating activities excluding working capital movements is a measure used by Shell to analyse its operating cash generation over time excluding the timing effects of changes in inventories and operating receivables and payables from period to period. Working capital movements are defined as the sum of the following items in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows: (i) (increase)/decrease in inventories, (ii) (increase)/decrease in current receivables, and (iii) increase/(decrease) in current payables. Cash capital expenditure is the sum of the following lines from the Consolidated Statement of Cash flows: Capital expenditure, Investments in joint ventures and associates and Investments in equity securities. Net debt is defined as the sum of current and non-current debt, less cash and cash equivalents, adjusted for the fair value of derivative financial instruments used to hedge foreign exchange and interest rate risks relating to debt, and associated collateral balances. Underlying operating expenses is a measure of Shell’s cost management performance and aimed at facilitating a comparative understanding of performance from period to period by removing the effects of identified items, which, either individually or collectively, can cause volatility, in some cases driven by external factors. Underlying operating expenses comprises the following items from the Consolidated statement of Income: production and manufacturing expenses; selling, distribution and administrative expenses; and research and development expenses and removes the effects of identified items such as redundancy and restructuring charges or reversals, provisions or reversals and others.
We are unable to provide a reconciliation of these forward-looking non-GAAP measures to the most comparable GAAP financial measures because certain information needed to reconcile those non-GAAP measures to the most comparable GAAP financial measures is dependent on future events some of which are outside the control of Shell, such as oil and gas prices, interest rates and exchange rates. Moreover, estimating such GAAP measures with the required precision necessary to provide a meaningful reconciliation is extremely difficult and could not be accomplished without unreasonable effort. Non-GAAP measures in respect of future periods which cannot be reconciled to the most comparable GAAP financial measure are calculated in a manner which is consistent with the accounting policies applied in Shell plc’s consolidated financial statements.
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We may have used certain terms, such as resources, in this announcement that the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) strictly prohibits us from including in our filings with the SEC. Investors are urged to consider closely the disclosure in our Form 20-F, File No 1-32575, available on the SEC website www.sec.gov.
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